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Cytogenetics and molecular genetics of childhood brain tumors

Division of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and the Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104

² Address correspondence and reprint requests to Jaclyn Biegel, Ph.D., Room 1002 Abramson Research Center, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3516 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104.

Abstract

Considerable progress has been made toward improving survival for children with brain tumors, and yet there is still relatively little known regarding the molecular genetic events that contribute to tumor initiation or progression. Nonrandom patterns of chromosomal deletions in several types of childhood brain tumors suggest that the loss or inactivation of tumor suppressor genes are critical events in tumorigenesis. Deletions of chromosomal regions 10q, 11 and 17p, for example, are frequent events in medulloblastoma, whereas loss of a region within 22q11.2, which contains the INI1 gene, is involved in the development of atypical teratoid and rhabdoid tumors. A review of the cytogenetic and molecular genetic changes identi-fied to date in childhood brain tumors will be presented.

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